GAZA CITY, Gaza Strip — Israeli strikes killed 23 people in the Gaza Strip yesterday, including 16 militants and a mother and her two young daughters, in the deadliest day of fighting since Israel withdrew from the coastal strip last year.

The violence, in which Palestinian Arabs said 76 people were wounded, came as Israel was embroiled in another deadly battle on its northern border with Hezbollah guerrillas in Lebanon.

The fighting in Gaza began after Hamas-linked militants captured an Israeli soldier in a June 25 cross-border raid. Israel launched an offensive to rescue the soldier, but later expanded its aims to stop militants from firing rockets at Israeli towns.

Yesterday, Israeli aircraft, tanks, and artillery supported bulldozers that drove into northeastern Gaza, flattening orchards and greenhouses to deprive cover to militants firing rockets into Israel, the army said.

Most of the militants killed were hit by tank fire, airstrikes, and in clashes with Israeli troops in Gaza City. One militant was killed in northern Gaza by an artillery shell.

No Israeli soldiers were hurt in the fighting.

Sixteen of those killed were identified as militants by their Palestinian Arab militant groups. A 3-year-old girl was also killed in Gaza City, hospital officials said. Two additional men were killed in Gaza City, but it was not clear if they were militants.

In northern Gaza, a woman and her two daughters — an 8-month-old baby and a 5-year-old — were killed when an artillery shell landed on their house, hospital officials said.

Another man was shot and killed near a no-go zone near the Israeli-Gaza border, hospital officials said, adding that they believe he may have been mentally handicapped.

Of the 76 wounded, 16 were in critical condition. Among the wounded was Ibrahim Al-Atla, 25, a cameraman for the Palestine Broadcasting Corp., who was hit in the back with shrapnel, a Shifa Hospital official, Dr. Juma Al Saqqa, said.

Also yesterday, Palestinian Arab militants fired 11 rockets into Israel, slightly wounding one person in the town of Sderot.

“This is a horrible situation, and we urge the international community to notice the continuing Israeli escalation in Gaza immediately,” a Palestinian Arab lawmaker, Saeb Erekat, said. “I’m afraid these numbers are going to multiply if we continue to be the forgotten zone in this region.”

During Israel’s month-long offensive on Gaza, ground forces have raided Gaza repeatedly, searching for militants and weapons as artillery pounded the area and aircraft carried out attacks.

Israel launched its offensive in Lebanon after Hezbollah guerrillas killed three soldiers and captured two on Israel’s northern border on July 12.

Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip last summer, pulling out its military bases and evacuating 21 settlements. At the time, Israeli leaders said they would respond fiercely to any attacks from Gaza.

A leader of Islamic Jihad in Gaza, Khader Habib, said his group would respond to yesterday’s deaths with rocket attacks and suicide bombings.”We will carry out our [suicide] operations against Israeli soldiers,” he said.