WASHINGTON – President Bush named John Negroponte, the U.S. ambassador to Iraq, as the government’s first national intelligence director yesterday, turning to a veteran diplomat to revive a spy community besieged by criticism after the September 11, 2001, attacks.

Ending a nine-week search, Mr. Bush chose Mr. Negroponte, who has been in Iraq for less than a year, for the difficult job of implementing the most sweeping intelligence overhaul in 50 years.

Mr. Negroponte, 65, is tasked with bringing together 15 highly competitive spy agencies and learning to work with Defense Secretary Rumsfeld, the brand new CIA Director Porter Goss, and other intelligence leaders. He’ll oversee a covert intelligence budget estimated at $40 billion.

Mr. Negroponte, a former ambassador to the United Nations and to a number of countries, called the job his “most challenging assignment” in more than 40 years of government work.

He was widely believed not to have been the first choice, but Bush officials denied the president had had trouble filling the position.

If confirmed by the Senate, as expected, Mr. Negroponte said he planned “reform of the intelligence community in ways designed to best meet the intelligence needs of the 21st century.”

Mr. Bush signaled that he sees Mr. Negroponte as the man to steer his intelligence clearinghouse. “If we’re going to stop the terrorists before they strike, we must ensure that our intelligence agencies work as a single, unified enterprise,” Mr. Bush said.

Mr. Negroponte will have coveted time with the president during daily intelligence briefings and will have authority over the spy community’s intelligence collection priorities. Perhaps most importantly, Mr. Bush made clear that Mr. Negroponte will set budgets for the national intelligence agencies.

“People who control the money, people who have access to the president generally have a lot of influence,” Mr. Bush said. “And that’s why John Negroponte is going to have a lot of influence.”

Mr. Bush also announced he had chosen an intelligence insider to serve as Mr. Negroponte’s deputy, Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, the National Security Agency’s director since 1999. As the longest-serving head of the secretive code breaking and eavesdropping agency, General Hayden pushed for change by asking some longtime personnel to retire and increasing reliance on technology contractors.

For years, blue-ribbon commissions have proposed creating a single, powerful director to oversee the entire intelligence community, but the concept didn’t gain momentum until recommended by the independent September 11 commission.

Mr. Bush and other senior administration officials initially resisted, but reversed course after an exceptional lobbying effort by the families of September 11 attack victims. Congress approved the new post in December as part of the most significant intelligence overhaul since 1947.

Yet intelligence veterans remain concerned about whether the job will wield enough power to lead government elements that handle everything from recruiting spies to eavesdropping to steering satellites.

Some say the authorities of the intelligence chief are too ambiguous as established in the legislation. The position was also excluded from the Cabinet to shield it from politics, requiring Negroponte to work directly with more senior personalities such as Mr. Rumsfeld.

According to one informed administration official who spoke on the condition of anonymity, former CIA Director Robert Gates was the White House’s first choice, but he and other candidates declined the post over concerns about the job’s authority.

White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card rejected reports that Mr. Bush had a difficult time filling the job. “It’s just not true,” he said.

Mr. Bush has trusted Mr. Negroponte with trying assignments. He was ambassador to the U.N. when U.S. relations with the world organization were declining over the approaching Iraq invasion. Last year, Mr. Bush sent him to Iraq as ambassador during the middle of a bloody insurgency.

Mr. Negroponte has held official posts in eight countries, including ambassadorships in Honduras, Mexico, and the Philippines. He also understands the intelligence demands of policy-makers, serving in President Reagan’s National Security Council from 1987 to 1989.

Some Democrats on Capitol Hill expressed concern that Mr. Negroponte’s departure from Iraq would create a crucial vacancy less than a month after the country’s first democratic elections.

His nomination as U.N. ambassador was held up for half a year over criticism regarding his record as ambassador in Honduras from 1981 to 1985.

Critics suspected he played a key role in carrying out the Reagan administration’s covert strategy to crush the left-wing Sandinista government in Nicaragua – an element of the Iran-Contra scandal.

Human rights groups also alleged that Mr. Negroponte acquiesced in rights abuses by Honduran death squads funded and partly trained by the CIA. Mr. Negroponte said during his U.N. confirmation hearings that he did not believe death squads were operating there.

In a statement yesterday, Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Pat Roberts, a Republican of Kansas, praised Mr. Negroponte’s selection and said the panel would hold a confirmation hearing as soon as his duties in Iraq are complete. A Roberts aide said that could still be weeks away.

The committee’s top Democrat, Jay Rockefeller of West Virginia, called Mr. Negroponte “a sound choice.” Others reacted more coolly.

Said House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi of California: “As one who has disagreed with Ambassador Negroponte for over 20 years…I am pleased that he is now in a position that doesn’t have anything to do with policy.”