The historical dispute over the role the U.S. Census Bureau played in identifying Japanese-Americans for surveillance and internment during World War II will begin anew on Friday.

In a paper to be presented this weekend, two researchers say an assassination threat against President Franklin Roosevelt during World War II prompted the Census Bureau to compile a list of every person of Japanese descent who lived in or near Washington, D.C.

It is the first known instance in which the Census Bureau has shared an individual’s information to help the surveillance efforts of another part of the government in the last 75 years, the researchers say.

A clear picture has emerged in the last decade that the Census Bureau aided the War Department in interning West Coast Japanese-Americans by providing information on the ethnic makeup of neighborhoods.

A sociology researcher at Fordham University, William Seltzer, and a history professor at the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, Margo Anderson, wrote the paper, which is scheduled for presentation this weekend at a meeting of the Population Association of America at the Midtown Marriott Marquis Hotel.

The paper brings to light the government’s effort to identify those of Japanese descent living on the East Coast. In 1943, at the behest of the Secret Service, the Census Bureau drew up a list of 76 people living around the D.C. metro area gleaned from the 1940 census, the researchers say.

The list was deemed for use in the “protection of the President of the United States,” according to a letter from the secretary of the treasury, Henry Morgenthau, that is appended to the article.

The names on the list have been redacted by the authors. But the persons listed range in age from 1 on up. At the time of the census, the individuals had employers as diverse as the Library of Congress and the Japanese imperial army, according to the list. The last name on one section of the list belongs to a young male citizen who was employed by the U.S. Census Bureau. The researchers speculate that his name appears last because his colleagues had considered withholding his name.

It is unclear, Ms. Anderson said, whether any of these individuals were placed under surveillance. The list was discovered at Roosevelt’s presidential library, Ms. Anderson said.

“As far as we are aware, this is the first time that conclusive evidence has been offered that a list of personally identifiable information from the 1940 census was provided to another federal agency,” Mr. Seltzer said.

The list was compiled after one man was heard on a train of interned Japanese-Americans urging the killing of Roosevelt, according to the article. The man who made the threat was committed in 1943 to a Southern California hospital for schizophrenia, according to the article.

An official at the Census Bureau, Christa Jones, said the bureau has not yet verified the archival sources on which the article is based. Still, she did not contest the findings.

“We’ve no reason to doubt those documents,” Ms. Jones, who is the chief of the office of analysis and executive support at the bureau, said.

“Our perspective, looking at the article, is that now the law is different,” Ms. Jones said. “The data we collect now can no longer be disclosed in that way.”

Ms. Jones said that during World War II and shortly afterward, it was legal for the bureau to share information with other branches of government in furtherance of the war effort.