WASHINGTON – Social Security will begin paying out more in benefits than it receives in taxes in 2017, 12 years from now, and a year earlier than previously estimated, trustees said yesterday in a forecast adding fuel to the debate over changes President Bush wants.

The trustees estimated that the program, which is about to be inundated with baby boom retirees, would go broke in 2041, also a year earlier than in their prior annual report.

The Bush administration said both findings underscored the urgency of its effort to overhaul Social Security this year, in part by creating retirement investment accounts for younger workers. Democrats said the trustees’ report undercut the president’s efforts to portray the program as in immediate crisis.

That label would appear to apply to Medicare, the health care program for the elderly and disabled. The trustees, who also oversee that New Deal program, noted that Medicare began paying out more in benefits than it received in taxes as of last year. They also predicted it would go broke in 2020, one year later than they estimated in 2004, but more than two decades before Social Security.

“The numbers leave nothing to doubt about the financial condition of the Social Security system,” Treasury Secretary Snow, chairman of the six-member trustees’ board, said during a news conference. “The report underscores the fact that we need to do something.”

The new Health and Human Services secretary and another trustee, Mike Leavitt, said that Medicare and Medicaid – the health insurance program for the elderly at the state level – face daunting financial problems.

Mr. Leavitt said the administration had begun to address Medicare in 2003 with new performance standards for doctors, as well as programs that encourage better health through things as simple as an annual physical.

Senator Reid of Nevada, the top Democrat in the Senate, disagreed with Mr. Snow, declaring, “Today’s report confirms that the so-called Social Security crisis exists in only one place: the minds of Republicans.”

Mr. Reid also argued that enacting the key feature of the president’s proposal – allowing younger workers to invest up to 4% of their payroll taxes currently flowing into the Social Security trust fund – would make the fund insolvent in 2030, some 11 years earlier than the trustees projected.

Mr. Snow branded Mr. Reid’s former statement as “counterfactual,” noting that the first of the 78 million baby boomers will begin to retire in 2008, accelerating benefit payments while reducing the number of workers paying into the system.

White House spokesman Trent Duffy also brushed off the 2030 estimate, saying, “President Bush wants to save Social Security permanently so that date never comes.”

The trustees said that Social Security’s unfunded obligations total $4 trillion over the next 75 years, an increase from last year’s projection of $3.7 trillion.

Mr. Bush has said he will not raise the current 12.4% payroll tax to deal with the funding problem, but he has said he would consider raising the $90,000 cap on income subject to the payroll tax.

In the report, the trustees said of proposed changes, “The sooner adjustments are made, the smaller and less abrupt they will have to be.”

The report said in 2041,the new date for Social Security’s insolvency, payroll taxes will be generating enough income to cover 74% of benefit payments. That represents a slight increase from last year, when the trustees estimated that 73% of benefits would be covered in the year that the trust fund went broke.

For Medicare, the trustees estimated that taxes would be sufficient to cover 79% of the program’s cost in 2020, when the Medicare trust fund is exhausted. Last year, when the insolvency date was projected to be 2019, tax income was estimated to be sufficient to pay 81% of the program’s costs.

Social Security provides retirement, survivors, and disability income for 47.6 million Americans, while Medicare provides health care for 41.7 million seniors and disabled people.

Besides Messrs. Snow and Leavitt, the board of trustees includes the labor secretary, Elaine Chao, the Social Security commissioner, Jo Anne Barnhart, and two public trustees, Thomas Saving of Texas, and John Palmer of New York.