WASHINGTON — Children have welcomed the Harry Potter books in recent years like free ice cream in the cafeteria, but the largest survey ever of youthful reading in America will show Monday that none of J.K. Rowling’s phenomenally popular books has been able to dislodge the works of longtime favorites Dr. Seuss, E.B. White, Judy Blume, S.E. Hinton, and Harper Lee as the most read.

Books by the five well-known American authors, plus lesser-known Laura Numeroff, Katherine Paterson, and Gary Paulsen, drew the most readers at every grade level in a study of 78.5 million books read by more than 3 million children who logged on to the Renaissance Learning Web site to take quizzes on books they read last year. Many works from Rowling’s Potter series turned up in the top 20, but other authors also ranked high and are likely to get more attention as a result.

“I find it reassuring … that students are still reading the classics I read as a child,” a senior vice president for Wisconsin-based Renaissance Learning, Roy Truby, said. But Mr. Truby said he would have preferred to see more meaty and varied fare, such as “historical novels and biographical works …” A marketing director for the New York-based Children’s Book Council, Michelle Bayuk, agreed.

“What’s missing from the list are all the wonderful nonfiction, informational, humorous, and novelty books as well as graphic novels that kids read and enjoy both inside and outside the classroom.” Renaissance Learning’s Accelerated Reader software for monitoring reading progress online was the source of the survey.

Twenty-two years ago, Judi Paul invented on her kitchen table a quizzing system to motivate her children to read. With her husband, Terry Paul, she turned it into a big business. Mr. Truby, a former executive director of the National Assessment Governing Board, which oversees the leading federal reading test, said the company’s learning programs are used in more than 63,000 American schools.

Students read books, some assigned but many chosen, and then take computer quizzes to see whether they understood what they read. Students compile points based on the average sentence length, average word length, word difficulty level and total words in each book. Some critics have questioned giving many more points for a sprawling Tom Clancy thriller than a classic such as Stephen Crane’s “The Red Badge of Courage,” but many educators and parents have praised the system for motivating children to read.

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The Renaissance Learning report “What Kids Are Reading” calculated the books most read by more than 3 million schoolchildren last year. Here are the top five at each grade level:

First grade:

1. “Green Eggs and Ham,” Dr. Seuss

2. “The Foot Book,” Dr. Seuss

3. “Are You My Mother?” P.D. Eastman

4. “Hop on Pop,” Dr. Seuss

5. “Biscuit,” Alyssa Capucilli

Second grade:

1. “If You Give a Mouse a Cookie,” Laura Numeroff

2. “Green Eggs and Ham”

3. “The Very Hungry Caterpillar,” Eric Carle

4. “If You Give a Moose a Muffin,” Numeroff

5. “If You Give a Pig a Pancake,” Numeroff

Third grade:

1. “Charlotte’s Web,” E.B. White

2. “Cloudy With a Chance of Meatballs,” Judi Barrett

3. “Officer Buckle and Gloria,” Peggy Rathmann

4. “The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs,” Jon Scieszka

5. “Dogzilla,” Dav Pilkey

Fourth grade:

1. “Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing,” Judy Blume

2. “Sarah, Plain and Tall,” Patricia MacLachlan

3. “Because of Winn-Dixie,” Kate DiCamillo

4. “Charlotte’s Web”

5. “Stone Fox,” John Gardiner

Fifth grade:

1. “Bridge to Terabithia,” Katherine Paterson

2. “Hatchet,” Gary Paulsen

3. “Holes,” Louis Sachar

4. “The Sign of the Beaver,” Elizabeth Speare

5. “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone,” J.K. Rowling

Sixth grade:

1. “Hatchet”

2. “Bridge to Terabithia”

3. “Holes”

4. “Number the Stars,” Lois Lowry

5. “The Bad Beginning,” Lemony Snicket

Seventh grade:

1. “The Outsiders,” S.E. Hinton

2. “Holes”

3. “The Giver,” Lowry

4. “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone”

5. “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows,” Rowling

Eighth grade:

1. “The Outsiders”

2. “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”

3. “The Giver”

4. “Holes”

5. “Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets,” Rowling

Ninth-12th grade:

1. “To Kill a Mockingbird,” Harper Lee

2. “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”

3. “Of Mice and Men,” John Steinbeck

4. “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone”

5. “A Child Called ‘It,'” Dave Pelzer