Filmmakers and photographers who have made New York City one of the world’s most beloved backdrops are upset over proposed rules that would force them to get a permit and a $1 million insurance policy to use cameras in public places.

New regulations drafted by the Mayor’s Office of Film, Theatre and Broadcasting would require a permit for any type of filming or photography that involved “an interaction among two or more people at a single site for 30 or more minutes.”

Permits would also be required for five or more people using a tripod for more than 10 minutes.

Those rules would be nothing new for the professional crews that film regularly in the city; they have long been required to get a permit and insurance to block off streets and sidewalks.

But critics say the proposed rules would affect an entirely new class of shooters: fashion and wedding photographers, independent journalists doing street interviews, and amateurs making videos to post online.

The city’s most ubiquitous shutterbugs — tourists — probably wouldn’t be affected, although they too might violate the letter of the law if they took elaborately staged pictures in one spot for long enough.

A documentary filmmaker, Jennifer Livingston, called the proposal “draconian,” and a betrayal of the city’s long history of nurturing budding talent.

“Think of that young artist who is going to be hurried along by some cop, who has no choice but to follow regulations,” she said. “I would hate to see film students thinking that any time they make an image, it has to be sanctioned by the government.”

City officials insist the rules aren’t an attempt to squash free speech.

People unable to afford liability insurance, which could cost between $500 and $1,000 for even the smallest of photo shoots, could apply to the city for a waiver.

Journalists with a press pass issued by the police department would be exempt. So would anyone using handheld equipment to film a parade, rally or political demonstration.

An associate commissioner of the film office, Julianne Cho, said the city’s only intention was to help directors and producers get safe access to great locations, while ensuring that production didn’t obstruct traffic or interfere with New Yorkers’ lives.

The city is accepting public comment until Friday on the proposed rules and could still make changes. “We’re going to continue to accept comments, and look at them very closely,” Ms. Cho said.