RICHMOND, Va. — NFL star Michael Vick was indicted by a federal grand jury yesterday on charges of sponsoring a dogfighting operation so grisly the losers either died in the pit or sometimes were electrocuted, drowned, hanged, or shot.

The Atlanta Falcons quarterback and three others were charged with competitive dogfighting, procuring and training pit bulls for fighting, and conducting the enterprise across state lines.

The operation was named “Bad Newz Kennels,” according to the indictment, and the dogs were housed, trained, and fought at a property owned by Vick in Surry County, Va.

The 18-page federal indictment, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, alleges the 27-year-old Vick and his co-defendants began the dogfighting operation in early 2001, the former Virginia Tech star’s rookie year with the Falcons.

The indictment states that dogs fought to the death — or close to it.

If convicted, Vick and the others — Purnell A. Peace, Quanis L. Phillips, and Tony Taylor — could face up to six years in prison, $350,000 in fines and restitution.

Telephone messages left at the offices and home of Vick’s attorney, Larry Woodward, were not returned. A woman who answered the phone at the home of Vick’s mother said “no comment” and hung up.

“We are disappointed that Michael Vick has put himself in a position where a federal grand jury has returned an indictment against him,” an NFL spokesman, Brian McCarthy, said.

“The activities alleged are cruel, degrading, and illegal. Michael Vick’s guilt has not yet been proven, and we believe that all concerned should allow the legal process to determine the facts.”

Vick and the Falcons are scheduled to report to training camp on July 25.

“Obviously, we are disturbed by today’s news,” the team said in a statement posted on its Web site, apologizing to fans for the negative publicity.

“We will do the right thing for our club as the legal process plays out. We have a season to prepare for,” it said.

John Goodwin of the Humane Society said the manner in which losing or unwilling dogs were killed was especially troubling. “Some of the grisly details in these filings shocked even me, and I’m a person who faces this stuff every day,” he said. “I was surprised to see that they were killing dogs by hanging them and one dog was killed by slamming it to the ground. Those are extremely violent methods of execution — they’re unnecessary and just sick.”

Vick and the others are accused of “knowingly sponsoring and exhibiting an animal fighting venture” and conducting a business enterprise involving gambling, as well as buying, transporting, and receiving dogs for the purposes of an animal-fighting venture.

About eight young dogs were put to death at the Surry County home after they were found not ready to fight in April 2007, the indictment said. They were killed “by hanging, drowning and/or slamming at least one dog’s body to the ground.”

The indictment also outlined a rough chronology:

• In March 2003, after a pit bull from Bad Newz Kennels lost in a fight, it said Peace consulted with Vick about the losing dog’s condition, then executed it by wetting it with water and electrocuting it;

• In March 2003, after two Bad Newz Kennels dog lost fights to dogs owned by a cooperating witness, it alleged that Vick retrieved a bag containing $23,000 and gave it to the owner of the winning dogs. One of the fights had a $20,000 purse;

• In the fall of 2003, a person witnessing a dogfight involving one of the dogs trained by Bad Newz Kennels incurred the ire of another cooperating witness by yelling out Vick’s name in front of the crowd during the fight.

It also said that after establishing Bad Newz Kennels in early 2002, Vick and the others obtained shirts and headbands promoting their affiliation with the kennel.

After a police raid on the property in April, Vick said he was rarely at the house, had no idea it may have been used in a criminal enterprise. He blamed family members for taking advantage of his generosity.

On Vick’s Web site, he lists his birthplace as Newport News, “a.k.a. BadNews.”

Purses for the fights ranged from hundreds of dollars to the thousands, and participants and spectators placed side bets, the document said.