The stunning victory by a Democratic Socialist in the New York City Democratic mayoral primary is being hailed as a possible bellwether for the national future of the party, but wins by moderates in statewide primaries in Virginia and New Jersey might signal otherwise.

“New York City is its own planet. It’s always been that way. It always will be that way and so what happens there is interesting and it has implications, but I don’t think they’re profound for the rest of the country or the rest of the Democratic party,” a political commentator, Larry Sabato, tells The New York Sun.

The Democratic Socialist state assemblyman, Zohran Mamdani, is on track to be the Democratic nominee in the New York City race, but because of the ranked voting system used for primary elections it won’t become official until at least July 1. One thing is certain, though: The result is a major upset with the defeat of a former New York governor, Andrew Cuomo, who conceded Tuesday night.

The race was largely seen by some pundits as a battle over the future direction of the Democratic Party. Big-name progressives such as Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Senator Sanders and an ousted Democratic National Committee vice chairman, David Hogg, endorsed Mr. Mamdani.

Mr. Mamdani ran on a progressive platform, promising to make buses and childcare free and to freeze rents on stabilized apartments.

After the election results were unveiled, an unidentified Democratic strategist told Politico’s Playbook: “It is extremely alarming that the only candidates who genuinely excite our voters are the ones making absolutely insane promises on politically toxic positions.”

Pollster Kristen Soltis Anderson, who founded research firm Echelon Insights, says that quote sounds like something she could have heard about the Republican Party in 2014, when it was going through its own identity crisis.

Writer Josh Barro, who hosts the political podcast “Very Serious,” calls that analysis “overwrought,” noting the wins by moderates — Congresswoman Mikie Sherrill in New Jersey and Abigail Spanberger in Virginia — in Democratic gubernatorial primaries this month.

Mr. Sabato argues that those victories are far more indicative of the future direction of the Democratic Party than Mr. Mamdani’s win.

“It hurts a party in the long run if the lessons of one city’s Democratic primary are applied to a country that is much more conservative than New York City,” Mr. Sabato says.

He adds, “The Democratic Party needs the energy of the left, but it also can’t be subsumed by the left if it wants to win.”

What these races may indicate is a generational shift for the party.

In a reply to Mr. Sabato on X, one user says, “I think all three are the same future. It’s not centrist vs leftists. It’s young vs old. New vs experienced. Obviously a socialist can’t win state or nationwide, but it’s about a younger more authentic class of candidates which all three are.” 

Mr. Hogg has been pushing for younger Democratic candidates to step forward. His group, Leaders We Deserve, has promised to spend $20 million to elect what it calls “the next generation of Democrats.” His call to challenge sitting Democrats in what are considered safely Democratic seats was believed to have been the impetus for his removal from a leadership role at the DNC.

In celebrating 33-year-old Mr. Mamdani’s win, Mr. Hogg says, “Crazy idea — maybe we should stop running the same people who brought our party to this place.”