ANKARA, Turkey — The Israeli president, Isaac Herzog, arrived in Turkey Wednesday for talks with President Erdogan, becoming the first leader from Israel to visit in 14 years as the two countries move to turn a new page in their troubled relationship, one marked by frequent anti-Israeli and anti-Semitic rhetoric in Ankara.

Escorted by a Turkish mounted color guard, Mr. Herzog arrived at the Turkish presidential palace in the capital, Ankara, as light snow began to fall.

Mr. Erdogan and a military honor guard greeted him as a band played the Israeli anthem for the first time since 2008. Mr. Herzog arrived on a plane emblazoned with the words “peace,” “future,” and “partnership” in Hebrew, Turkish, and English.

Turkey and Israel once were close allies, but the relationship frayed under Mr. Erdogan, who is an outspoken critic of Israel’s policies toward the Palestinians. Israel also has been angered by Mr. Erdogan’s embrace of Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip. Israel considers Hamas a terrorist group, as does America and the European Union.

Last year, the State Department spokesman, Ned Price, condemned Mr. Erdogan’s “recent anti-Semitic comments regarding the Jewish people.” He referred to comments such as Mr. Erdogan saying Israelis are “murderers, to the point that they kill children who are five or six years old. They only are satisfied by sucking their blood.”

In a sharp reversal, Mr. Erdogan recently issued a call for Turkish media to refrain from anti-Israel and anti-Semitic rhetoric.

Turkey, and later Israel, withdrew their respective ambassadors in 2010 after Israeli forces stormed a flotilla that illegally entered Israeli waters under the guise of carrying humanitarian aid for Palestinians in Hamas-controlled Gaza. The incident resulted in the deaths of nine Turkish activists.

Relations broke down again in 2018 when Turkey, angered by the U.S. moving its embassy in Israel to Jerusalem, once more recalled its ambassador, prompting Israel to respond in kind. The two countries have not reappointed their ambassadors.

The steps toward a rapprochement with Israel comes as Turkey, beset by economic troubles, has been trying to end its international isolation by normalizing its ties with several countries in the Mideast region, including Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia.

“We will not agree on everything, and the relationship between Israel and Turkey has certainly known ups and downs and not-so-simple moments in recent years,” Mr. Herzog said before his departure. “But we shall try to restart our relations and build them in a measured and cautious manner, and with mutual respect between our states.”

In Istanbul, a group of about 150 people, mostly members of pro-Islamist groups, protested Mr. Herzog’s visit, chanting anti-Israeli slogans and holding up banners calling the Israeli president a “killer.”
The protesters included members of the Turkish Islamic relief group IHH, which organized the Gaza-bound flotilla that broke the Israeli blockade in 2010.

In a step toward reconciliation, Mr. Erdogan called Mr. Herzog by phone after the Israeli head of state took office last year. The two have held several telephone conversations since then. Mr. Erdogan has also spoken to Prime Minister Bennett following the release of an Israeli couple who were arrested in Istanbul on suspicion of spying.

During a visit to Cyprus last week, Mr. Herzog offered reassurance that Israel’s warming relation with Turkey would not come at the expense of ties with Nicosia. Mr. Herzog made similar remarks in Greece last month, insisting Israel would continue to expand its cooperation with Greece and Cyprus, which both have tense relations with Turkey.

Israel’s ties with Greece and Cyprus blossomed following the discovery of sizeable natural gas deposits in eastern Mediterranean waters and the countries look for ways to build on energy-based cooperation.

Turkey has said there would be no change to Ankara’s position toward the Palestinians despite the normalization efforts with Israel.

Mr. Herzog is scheduled to meet with members of Turkey’s Jewish community in Istanbul on Thursday.