Judge Rules Raid on Jefferson’s Offices Was Constitutional

WASHINGTON — An FBI raid on a Louisiana congressman’s Capitol Hill office was legal, a federal judge ruled yesterday.Chief U.S. District Judge Thomas Hogan said members of Congress are not above the law. He rejected requests from lawmakers and Democratic Rep. William Jefferson to return material seized by the FBI in a May 20–21 search of Mr. Jefferson’s office.In a 28-page opinion, Judge Hogan dismissed arguments that the first-ever raid on a congressman’s office violated the Constitution’s protections against intimidation of elected officials.Mr. Jefferson’s theory of legislative privilege “would have the effect of converting every congressional office into a taxpayer-subsidized sanctuary for crime,” the judge said.Judge Hogan acknowledged the “unprecedented” nature of the case but said, “a Member of Congress is generally bound to the operation of the criminal laws as are ordinary persons.”Congress’s effectiveness “is not threatened by permitting congressional offices to be searched pursuant to validly issued search warrants,” said Judge Hogan, who had approved the FBI’s request to conduct the overnight search of Mr. Jefferson’s office.Mr. Jefferson had sought the return of several computer hard drives, floppy disks, and two boxes of paper documents that FBI agents seized during an 18-hour search of his Rayburn Building office.At issue was a constitutional provision known as the speech and debate clause, which protects elected officials from being questioned by the president, a prosecutor, or a plaintiff in a lawsuit about their legislative work.“No one argues that the warrant executed upon Congressman Jefferson’s office was not properly administered,” Judge Hogan wrote. “Therefore, there was no impermissible intrusion on the Legislature. The fact that some privileged material was incidentally captured by the search does not constitute an unlawful intrusion.”The raid on Mr. Jefferson’s office angered members of Congress, some of whom threatened to retaliate by tinkering with the FBI and Justice Department budgets. President Bush stepped in and ordered the solicitor general to take custody of the seized materials so Congress and the Justice Department could work out procedures to deal with similar situations in the future.The president’s 45-day “cooling off period” ended Sunday with no compromise worked out but with assurances from the Justice Department that it would not seek to regain custody of the materials until Judge Hogan ruled on Mr. Jefferson’s request.Because Judge Hogan signed the search warrant authorizing the search, Mr. Jefferson’s legal team was not surprised by his ruling upholding it.“While a congressman is not above the law, the executive branch must also follow the law,” Mr. Jefferson’s lawyer, Robert Trout, said. “We appreciate the consideration the judge accorded our motion for the return of the seized property, but we respectfully disagree with his conclusion, and we intend to appeal the ruling.”Judge Hogan said a search warrant seeking material is very different than a subpoena seeking testimony.Mr. Jefferson has been under investigation since March 2005 for allegedly using his position to promote the sale of telecommunications equipment and services offered by iGate, a Louisville-based firm, that sought contracts with Nigeria, Ghana, and other African nations.In return for his help, Mr. Jefferson allegedly demanded stock and cash payments. Mr. Jefferson has not been charged and has denied wrongdoing.

Judge Rules Raid on Jefferson’s Offices Was Constitutional

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